The Economic Activity Of The Early Roman State - 1616 Words

1) The essential economic activity in the early Roman state was agriculture. The type of influence agriculture had on the social classes, is that the majority of the Romans were independent farmers who farmed on their own, small plot of land. Also the land owned by people, determined their wealth as well. Having their own plot of land, helped the families to provide food for their members to survive. 2) The events in early Roman history that caused Romans to be anti-dictators and pro-Senate, was that the Romans favored the Senate over dictatorship because they were able to take part in the government. Male citizens were able to attend several assemblies and vote, although the votes by the wealthy were more important than the votes of the poor. With dictatorship, Romans had no control or say in what the government decided, so the idea of a Senate was more appealing. 3) The role tribunes played in creating a more democratic Rome, is that they were people from lower classes, who had the power to veto actions and decisions made by the Assembly or patrician officials that would negatively affect the lower classes. From the tribunes, the lower class people has a say in the government as well, because the tribunes represented them. 4) The role the Roman Senate played in the Roman Republic, is that they were the power house, and they continually made policy and governed. The Roman Senate also seemed like an advisory council, because of the job and role they played. 5) The flawsShow MoreRelatedThe Decline Of The Roman Empire1020 Words   |  5 Pages Emperor reforms, outside invasions and financial weakness ultimately caused the decline of the Roman Empire in the West, because each of these events chipped away at the center and the longevity of the Roman Empire from 180 AD to the early fifth century. After the death of the last of the five good emperors, Marcus Aurelius in 180 AD, the Roman Empire began to form into a military monarchy, which was not based on prior lineage but loyalty to the army. The familial aspects of choosing the next emperorRead MoreAncient Roman Civilization And Modern Times936 Words   |  4 PagesThe ancient Roman civilization had many enduring contributions to modern times. Many of the ancient structures survived the ravages of time. This leads the modern tourist to experience the ancient civilization through much of what Ancient Rome’s engineers enduring achievements, namely, temples, baths, aqueducts and roads (Temin, The economy of the early Roman Empire, 2006). Beyond the physical structures that survived the millennia, there are numerous modern cultural influences that are readilyRead MoreClassical Rome And Classical Greece1498 Words   |  6 PagesThe contemporary United States has been influenced by many ancient civilizations, mainly Classical Rome and Classical Greece. Even though Greece had a tremendous influence over our civilization, out of these two classical civilizations, I believe that Classical Rome has had a bigger impact on many aspects of the contemporary United States. 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What is something you admire about this group’s people, lifestyle, or society? 1. The German Americans are the largest singles source of ancestry of individuals that are in the United States today. The German Americans settled in the United States in the late 1700’s, they came because of their religious dissentersRead MoreHistory of Physical Education Essay1326 Words   |  6 Pagesto your senior year in high-school in the United States. The history of physical education dates way back to the Greek and Roman times and has slowly evolved into what it is now today. There is a long tradition that goes along with physical education and many events and people have helped influence it over the years and it has now developed into a profession in America. Some of the earliest influences on physical education were that of the Roman and Greeks. The Greek culture had a major focusRead MoreAncient Athens: The Prototype for Western Democracy Essays1264 Words   |  6 Pagesunique in the ancient world. 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HR Block Case Study Essay - 1627 Words

HR Block Tax Services Case-Study Frank M. Burns Management amp; Strategy 5650 Gregory Coon, Ph.D. Spring 1 2011 Webster University Abstract Hamp;R Block’s Tax Services segment provides income tax return preparation, electronic filing and other services and products related to income tax return preparation. Clients are offered a number of options for receiving their income tax refund, including a check directly from the IRS, an electronic deposit directly to their bank account, a prepaid debit card, a refund anticipation loan (RAL) or a refund anticipation check (RAC). Major revenue sources include; fees earned for tax preparation services performed at company-owned retail tax offices, royalties from franchise retail tax†¦show more content†¦Strategic Management Hamp;R Block offers franchises as a way to expand their presence in the market. Their franchise arrangements assure the protection of their brand. The franchisees receive the use of software, signs, specialized forms, local advertising, initial training and supervisory services. They pay Hamp;R Block 30 percent of gross tax return preparation and related service revenues as a franchise royalty. With the downturn of the economy many lower income and those that have lost employment are looking to have their taxes completed early in the tax year to receive their refund quickly. With Hamp;R Block franchises virtually worldwide, their services are convenient and most utilized. Hamp;R Block has developed and is currently marketing Hamp;R Block At Homeâ„ ¢ income tax preparation software. Hamp;R Block At Homeâ„ ¢ offers a simple step-by-step tax preparation interview, data imports from money management software and tax preparation software, calculations, completion of the appropriate tax forms, error checking and electronic filing. Their software products may be purchased through third-party retail stores, direct mail or online. Hamp;R Block offers a comprehensive range of online tax services, from tax advice to complete professional and do-it-yourself tax return preparation and electronic filing, through their website at www.hrblock.com. This website allows clients to prepare their federal and state income taxShow MoreRelatedEssay A CASE STUDY - STRATEGY AT HR BLOCK, INC.10152 Words   |  41 PagesA Case Study Running head: A CASE STUDY - STRATEGY AT HR BLOCK, INC. A Case Study - Strategy at HR Block, Inc. Capella University OM 8012 Strategy Dr. Perry Hahn Dec 21, 2005 1 A Case Study 2 Abstract This paper will include an analysis of the company from the four strategy perspectives provided in the project deliverable which are: Strategy as rational thought - strategic planning and decision-making, Strategy as revolution - what is referred to as disruptive innovationRead MoreA Complex Adaptive System ( Cas )1198 Words   |  5 Pagesthe whole† (Complex Adaptive Systems, n.d.). 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Anointing of the Sick Sacrament Essay Example For Students

Anointing of the Sick Sacrament Essay The Catholic Church sees the effects of the sacrament as follows: As the sacrament of Marriage gives grace for the married province. the sacrament of Anointing of the Sick gives grace for the province into which people enter through illness. Through the sacrament a gift of the Holy Spirit is given. that renews assurance and religion in God and strengthens against enticements to discouragement. desperation and torment at the idea of decease and the battle of decease ; it prevents the truster from losing Christian hope in God’s justness. truth and redemption. Because one of the effects of the sacrament is to shrive the receiver of any wickednesss non antecedently absolved through the sacrament of repentance. merely an ordained priest or bishop may administrate the sacrament. â€Å"The particular grace of the sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick has as its effects: the amalgamation of the ill individual to the passion of Christ. for his ain good and that of the whole Church ; the strengthening. peace. and bravery to digest in a Christian mode the agonies of unwellness or old age ; the forgiveness of wickednesss. if the ill individual was non able to obtain it through the sacrament of repentance ; the Restoration of wellness. if it is contributing to the redemption of his psyche ; the readying for go throughing over to ageless life. â€Å" An extended history of the instruction of the Roman Catholic Church on Anointing of the Sick is given in Catechism of the Roman Catholic Church. 1499–1532. Biblical References The main Biblical text refering anointment of the sick is James 5:14–15: â€Å"Are any among you sick? They should name for the seniors of the Church and have them pray over them. anointing them with oil in the name of the Lord. And their supplication offered in religion will mend the sick. and the Lord will do them good. And if they have committed wickednesss. these will be forgiven. Matthew 10:8. Luke 10:8–9 and Mark 6:13 are besides quoted in this respect. Name callings for the sacrament In the yesteryear. the official name of the sacrament in the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church was Extreme Unction ( intending. Final Anointing ) . a name attached to it when it was administered. as one of the â€Å"Last Rites† . merely to people in immediate danger of decease. Peter Lombard ( died 1160 ) is the first author known to hold used the term. which did non go the usual name in the West boulder clay towards the terminal of the 12th century. and neer became current in the East. 11 ] The word â€Å"extreme† ( concluding ) indicated either that it was the last of the sacramental smarms ( after the anointments at Baptism. Confirmation and. if received. Holy Orders ) or because at that clip it was usually administered merely when a patient was in extremis. In the early 1970s the functionary name was changed to Anointing of the Sick to reflect the restored antediluvian Christian subject whereby the sacrament is to be conferred on those who are â€Å"dangerously ill† . 12 ] â€Å"Extreme Unction† continues in popular usage among those who prefer to maintain the nomenclature that was customary before the Second Vatican Council ( see Traditionalist Catholic ) . The sacrament has besides been known by assorted other names in the Latin Rite throughout the old ages. including: â€Å"the holy oil or smarm of the sick ; the smarm or approval of dedicated oil ; the smarm of God ; the office of the smarm. In the Eastern Church it is technically known as euchelaion ( i. e. prayer-oil ) ; but other names such as elaion hagion ( holy ) . or hegismenon ( consecrated ) . elaion or â€Å"olia† . elaiou Chrisis. chrisma. etc. are still common. .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c , .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c .postImageUrl , .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c , .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c:hover , .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c:visited , .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c:active { border:0!important; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c:active , .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0cd87377f5d9efdff647e20f40288d6c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Euripides Medea EssayAdministration In the Roman Catholic Code of Canon Law. Canon 1004 indicates compactly who may have the sacrament: â€Å"The anointment of the sick can be administered to any member of the faithful who. holding reached the usage of ground. begins to be in danger by ground of unwellness or old age. † When new unwellness develops or first unwellness backslidings or worsens. the patient may have the sacrament a farther clip. Anointing of the Sick may besides be given legion times in the instance of old age or chronic unwellness based on the â€Å"pastoral judgement of the priest† . 13 ] The sacrament of anointing can be administered to an si ngle whether at place. in a infirmary or establishment. or in church. Several ill individuals may be anointed within the rite. particularly if the jubilation takes topographic point in a church or infirmary. The jubilation may besides take topographic point during a Catholic Mass. Relationship with the â€Å"Last Rites† Anointing of the Sick is closely associated with. and frequently administered during the rites known as the Last Rites. However. the term â€Å"Last Rites† is non tantamount to â€Å"Anointing of the Sick† . since it refers besides to two ther distinguishable rites: Sacrament of Penance and Eucharist. the last of which is known as â€Å"Viaticum† ( Latin: †provision for the journey† ) when administered to the death. The normal order of disposal of the rites is: first Penance ( if the deceasing individual is physically unable to squeal. absolution is given conditionally on the being of attrition ) . so Anointing. so Viaticum. Of the Last Rites. merely a priest or bishop can administrate the Sacraments of Penance and Anointing of the Sick. In the absence of a priest these sacraments can non be administered. but a laic individual may give a deceasing individual Holy Communion. which in this instance is â€Å"Viaticum. the Last Sacrament of the Christian† . Established organize The oil used in the sacrament is normally olive oil. though other vegetable oil may besides be used ( Catechism of the Roman Catholic Church. 1513 ) . It is blessed by the bishop of the bishopric at the Chrism Mass he celebrates on Holy Thursday or on a twenty-four hours near to it. In instance of necessity. the priest administrating the sacrament may bless the oil within the model of the jubilation ( Code of Canon Law. canon 999 ) . In the Roman Catholic Church of the Catholic Church. the priest anoints the ill person’s brow with oil ( normally in the signifier of a cross ) . stating: â€Å"Through this sanctum anointing. may the Lord in his love and clemency aid you with the grace of the Holy Spirit. † He so anoints the custodies. stating. â€Å"May the Lord who frees you from wickedness save you and raise you up. † He may besides. in conformity with local civilization and traditions. and the demands of the ill individual. anoint other parts of the organic structure. but without reiterating the sacramental expression. This is the signifier established for the Roman Rite through the apostolic papers Sacram unctionem infirmorum of 1972. The signifier used in the Roman Rite in the preceding period included anointment of seven parts of the organic structure ( though that of the pubess was by and large omitted in English-speaking states ) . while stating ( in Latin ) : â€Å"Through this holy anointment. may the Lord forgiveness you whatever sins/faults you have committed by†¦ † The sense in inquiry was so mentioned: sight. hearing. odor. gustatory sensation. touch. walking. animal delight. Numerous other Holy Eucharists exist.

Rap For Freedom Of Speech Essays - African-American Culture

Rap for Freedom of Speech If you were a songwriter and all your thoughts and efforts were put onto a piece of paper, would you want big brother to come and tell you that half of the subject matter is inappropriate and must be censored? Censorship can be defined as a banning of literature, music, and other forms of expression. This is a problem that many rap artists face these days. The three main objectives in this piece I will pursue is why we should allow artists to express themselves, why rap artists should have the freedom of speech, and why censoring destroys the art in rap. For these reasons I believe that rappers should have the freedom to express their views on their albums. For years gangsta rappers have sang about the racism, police harassment, poverty and desperation that exists in America's inner most parts of our cities. From old school NWA to Bone Thugs ?n' Harmony to newer artists such as DMX, the struggle and anger stays very thematic. Controversy has always played a role in rap because of its content. In one of the most famous cases of music censorship, police in Dade County, Florida set up a sting to arrest three retailers selling copies of a record by 2 Live Crew to children under the age of 18. Objections to 2 Live Crew started with the breakthrough of their hit Me So Horny. No prosecutions resulted in standing convictions. Members of 2 Live Crew were also prosecuted for performing the material live in concert. Later that year, Florida grand jury determined that four rap albums (including Freedom of Speech by Ice-T) are legally obscene. Area retailers quickly pulled the records from the shelves to avoid prosecution. Following the controversy surrounding Ice Cube's album Death Certificate, the state of Oregon made it illegal to display Ice Cube's image in any retail store. The ban even extended to ads for St. Ides Malt Liquor, which used Ice Cube as a spokesperson. As we can see censorship is a major controversy in the rap community. Many people believe that freedom can only exist in a somewhat controlled environment. Most would-be censors think that your freedom ends when it begins to hurt others. Censoring music, however, may do the most damage. For every time musical content or a CD is removed, the censors have taken away part of your intellectual freedom, the freedom to listen and understand all points of view, even if they are unpopular. Some people view many rap artists as doing nothing but harming and distorting peoples' views on life, but I believe that people take their original attitude to subjects such as rap and take from it what they want. Letting artists express themselves helps us to take something positive from their views and expand our mind and social perspectives. Taking Eminem as an example. He writes songs about death, drugs, and rape because of the way he was raised and the way he views his life. I think this gives us a better understanding of other people's views and perspectives on life issues. Not only that, but media in general, gives us a more global perspective on life and living. Being an occasional poet, I understand that censoring a piece of my work would virtually destroy the art in it. When everything in a song is put together and recorded it is very hard to re-record and maintain the same quality of character that the previous recording had. So I understand when recording artists get angered by record management and write about their hate for them. The government already puts the parental advisory sticker on the case to protect children from buying the music, so management and government should not have to censor his music because of what this county is based upon. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free practice thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peacefully to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances. The First Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America. Many people, including myself, say that many rappers' lyrics are obscene and

buy custom Hamlets Hesitation essay

buy custom Hamlets Hesitation essay Shakespeare wrote an interesting tragedy, Hamlet. The tragic action in the play originates from a flaw of shame and horror which results to the protagonist suffering intensely. In the play, Hamlet that plays the role of the protagonist has a tragic trait in his character and behavior of uncertainty and delay in action. The protagonist faces two kinds of conflicts. First, he has an inner conflict in the mind and his soul and secondly, he has a physical conflict as he collides with his enemies and opponents. However, the sense of the tragic impression lies in the fact of waste. At the end of the play, a wasted talent and an unnecessary suffering comes out clearly. Why did Hamlet hesitate to act after he promised the ghost of his father that he would avenge his murder on his behalf? In the tragic play, the character of Hamlet stands out as different from that of other characters. His character has a characteristic of strength, will, and passion that has a combination of sentiment and thought. He indulges his imagination and thought to reflect upon terrible nature of crime and refining the schemes that he would use in his revenge mission that to put it into immediate action. His passion reflects a will to think carefully instead of acting in an immediate manner. The son of a murdered noble, Hamlet has an obligation to avenge the death of his father with any chance that comes his way. However, he decides to wait and performs the act at the end of the play. Hamlet does not avenge the death of his father immediately because of certain reasons. Hamlet hesitates to kill King Claudius because he suffered from a form of Oedipus complex and for the fact that he had sanity and practical too perform an act of murder. The basic sanity that Hamlet possessed, kept him from committing an immediate act of murder. In society, people grow to believe that those who commit acts of murder have insanity or some form of sickness. The society where Hamlet lives has no exception from that norm. However, his society believes that the son of a murdered noble has the responsibility of finding those who killed his father and his death. Therefore, Hamlet has an obligation to avenge the death of his father. When the ghost of king Hamlet appeared to Hamlet and told him that Claudius killed him by pouring poison in to his ear, he did not act on the word of the specter immediately. Hamlet does not go to kill King Claudius immediately but instead takes time what the ghost had told him. Hamlet contemplates whether the ghost was good or bad judging by the fact that what the ghost had told him had a serious undertaking that could lead to the death of a person. Hamlet does not want to act stupidly just because a ghost told him that Claudius killed his father. This makes him to try to find out whether the ghost told himthe truth. Hamlet engages himself in plans and carries out analyses of situations. When actors came to town, Hamlet implored one of them to perform a play called the murder of Gonzaga that would happen the next day. Hamlet uses the play as a scheme to find out whether his uncle, King Claudius killed his father. The play that Hamlet requested has similarity to the murder that the ghost described, to him. Hamlet wants to capture the conscience of King Claudius through the play. Hamlet considers that if the manor of King Claudius would change with the play then he would know that he killed his father. This clearly shows that Hamlet did not hesitate to fulfill his commandment because of indecision but rather he wanted to ascertain that the ghost had told him the truth and that if he would carry out the revenge then it would have been on the right person. Hamlet had been plagued by self-doubts. This comes out clearly in the second soliloquy where the essence of the true conflict that Hamlet experienced comes out. He has a commitment to avenging the death of his father, but he cannot act on behalf of his father because he had revulsion towards performing the revenge. The self-condemnation that Hamlet has takes several forms. Hamlet engages in a series of imaginary and demeaning insults that highlights him as cowardly. He feels he has not done anything to King Claudius to avenge the death of his father. This makes him feel as if he has no ability to revenge the death of his father. Hamlet failed to suppress his apprehensions of committing murder. This makes him try to focus on a plan that would ensure that King Claudius admits that he killed his father. Hamlet could not find a way that he could use to confront King Claudius and make him agree that he killed king Hamlet. The only way he could do that required him to formulate a plan that would force King Claudius to confess his actions. Hamlet figures out that because he had no way of confronting king Hamlet, he would make him confess his actions by making King Claudius have a guilty conscience. The hesitation that Hamlet had in avenging for the death of his father has a relation with the Oedipus complex that he had. Hamlet loved his mother in a certain manner. This fact presents itself clearly towards the end of the play. Towards the end of the tragic play, Queen Gertrude drank poison and died. Hamlet responded to that by killing Laertes. The mother of Hamlet had died, and it happened that he decided to kill King Claudius at the same time. Hamlet delayed killing King Claudius because he understood why King Claudius wanted his father out of the way. When his mother died, Hamlet decided to kill King Claudius because without his mother he had nothing much to live for because his life had bed ruined. Without his mother, he had no passion to live. Hamlet hesitated to carry out the revenge because he feared that if King Claudius knew that Hamlet wanted to kill him, he would have made plans to make Hamlet appear bad and would instead kill him. Therefore, he had to delay and look for a proper way that he could use to avenge the death of his father once he knew that king Claudius had murdered his father. Committing a murder was a serious crime in the society that Hamlet lived. Hamlet did not want to kill without purpose because that would have led to his own death. Hamlet has intelligence and has a sense of social duty. He wanted to have the support of the society once he avenged the death of his father. The only way that he could have the support of the society and prevent his own death, he had to display a sense of moral integrity. He decided to use the play to have King Claudius show people that he murdered king Hamlet. Once he proved that, the society would support his revenge mission and he would appear the hero, in his society. This showed that Hamlet delayed the revenge because of a sense of social and moral obligation. Hamlet hesitated to perform his revenge because he relied on morals and had a sense of nobility. As a noble man, he had the responsibility to confirm that his uncle had indeed murdered his father, as an action of proving to the society of his actions and more so, as an action of nobility. Nobility, in the sense that he could not just believe words that came from a ghost. In his third soliloquy, to be or not to be, Hamlet questions whether one should live or not, but it happens as a question of whether he should act or not based on the responsibility he has towards the revenge mission. This has governance from reason, as opposed to frenzied motion. Hamlet faces a state of divide between morality, responsibility and societal nobility. His morals do not allow him to kill, yet as a son, he has the responsibility of avenging the death of his father. At the same time, he has to display a sense of nobility to the society judging by the fact that he is the prince. All these facts make him he sitate because he cannot decide the proper action that he can take in the situation he finds himself. This makes Hamlet spent most of his time thinking instead of acting. He wanted his revenge to display him as a hero in every perspective and display King Claudius as an evil man. In conclusion, Hamlet delayed his revenge against King Claudius mainly because of indecision and self-doubts. He wanted to perform a revenge that would be right in every aspect. Despite the fact that Hamlet hesitated, it did not make him a coward. Rather, his hesitation helped display him as honest, moral and noble because he proved that his uncle killed his father. The death of his mother also quickened his action because of his love for her. 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Cause and Effect Essay

Cause and Effect Essay Cause and effect essay writing gives reasons and explanations for events, conditions, or behavior. Cause and effect essay is a type of essays that centers on why things occur (causes) and the outcomes of the happenings (effects). Cause-and-effect writing gives reasons and explanations for events, conditions, or behavior. It answers the need most of us have to understand the world around us. If you are looking for cause and effect essay examples here is a great one CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAY EXAMPLE: GREAT DEPRESSION Cause and effect essays are popular ways of helping students understand the relationship between various events. They’re extremely popular in history classes, although students are certainly going to encounter them in English and writing classes as well. English and writing classes are often geared towards helping students be better at critical thinking in general, and cause and effect essays can serve as excellent critical thinking exercises in general. Cause and effect essays are starting to become more popular than the five-paragraph essays that many people have had to learn over the years, for various reasons. The traditional five paragraph essay format is highly formulaic. It doesn’t truly prepare students for the sort of advanced writing skills that they are really going to need. It encourages people to write in a manner that is highly artificial. In many cases, students do not provide enough evidence for their points. The cause and effect essay is much better when it comes to promoting critical thinking skills in the minds of students, which has helped make it the new star of academic writing today. CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAY OUTLINE Writing a Cause and Effect Essay Often times, a cause and effect essay is going to involve people selecting an event that had a given list of defined consequences. Certain events are going to make for richer essays than others. The cause and effect relationship between the events and the consequences needs to be strong enough, or the essay is going to feel unfocused and vague. One popular example of an event to write about in a cause and effect essay in classrooms in the United States is the American Civil War. Students will then list the causes of the American Civil War when they are in the planning stages of the cause and effect essay. From there, they will formulate thesis statements and build the rest of their essays. Another popular essay topic for students who can write about more recent history might be the crime wave that lasted between 1975 and 1995. Students might look at what caused this crime wave. They also might look at what eventually led to the end of the crime wave. This sort of cause and effect relationship is ripe for analysis, especially since there are a lot of specific trends that have helped mark the beginning and end of the infamous period in late-twentieth-century American history. A student might say: the late-twentieth century crime wave ended as a result of improved forensic techniques, improved social welfare programs, increases in surveillance, and increased awareness. With regards to the Civil War, and student might say: the Civil War was caused by increasing tensions between the Northern and Southern regions of the United States and the South’s desire to expand slavery throughout the country, as well as the South’s fear that slavery would eventually be eliminated if the spread was curtailed. Compose a  thesis statement  that clearly states your topic. Because cause-and-effect essays need a readily identifiable structure, you will almost always write the essay in chronological order. Sometimes, however, you will use reverse chronological order. For example, you might begin with an effect or a series of effects and trace them back to their original cause. Whatever organization you use, write paragraphs with strong, clear topic sentences and relevant supporting details.  The thesis statement for an essay that was about the American Civil War could be more general, with something along the lines of two halves of a nation that have very different economies and ideas of how to run a society are going to face strong conflicts with one another. A student would then go into detail about how the conflicts between the North and the South had been brewing for a long time before the Civil War finally erupted, and the Civil War was the culmination of all of those tensions. Diffe rent pieces of evidence are going to belong in the cause section, and different pieces of evidence are going to belong in the effects section. Naturally, it is also important to illustrate the effects in question. The American Civil War was so substantial in terms of its consequences for the American people that some of the effects are still being felt today since the South never truly reconstructed and both halves of the United States still face political conflicts with one another to this day. The reader should walk away with that impression, at least after reading the effects section and the section of the essay that describes the cause and effect relationship. HOW TO WRITE A CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAY Cause and Effect Essay Writing Tips TIP 1. People who are having a hard time identifying a clear consequence of the given events should choose a new topic, if possible. There are lots of examples out there, and no one needs to waste any time trying to argue in favor of a point that is going to be too difficult to properly state in an essay that is really about logical understanding more than anything else. TIP 2. It is a good idea to have at least two or three pieces of evidence in support of why a given effect logically followed from the cause in question. The entire essay should not hinge on a few data points. TIP 3. Smooth transitions between paragraphs are just as important in cause and effect essays as they are in five paragraph essays, even though the ideas between them are not going to be anywhere near as clear cut. TIP 4. There are no hard and solid rules on the length of cause and effect essays, which is not the case with the five-paragraph essays that people will either love or loathe. Those essays will usually have to be one page long. Unless there are any specific requirements, cause and effect essays can be a couple of pages long or longer than that, and they are still going to be just as good. TIP 5. It is important not to include a lot of meandering details in cause and effect essays that do not specifically relate to the point or reinforce the point. Cause and effect essays can be longer than five-paragraph essays, but they are not the sorts of essays that are going to need filler content. Being clear and straightforward is going to matter more. The details are going to need to relate to reinforcing the cause and effect relationship that is at the heart of the cause and effect essay. 50 WINNING CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAY TOPICS Signal Words in Cause-and-Effect Writing Cause and Effect as a result because consequently due to ifthen leads to therefore thus Degrees of Certainty certainly may necessarily perhaps possibly probably undoubtedly unquestionably Levels of Importance above all equally important finally first initially last primarily second We have successfully completed hundreds of cause and effect essays and know how to craft a superb paper. Achieve great academic success   order an essay  at !

Sustainable Marketing Campaign for one of the products of 3M Research Paper

Sustainable Marketing Campaign for one of the products of 3M - Research Paper Example Within the healthcare sector, 3M Conglomerate has numerous products, including the 3M Ultrathon insect repellent, which will be the focus of this sustainable marketing plan. For this particular case, the marketing strategy will focus on the new 3M Ultrathon Scented insect Repellent. Target Market The new Ultrathon Scented insect repellent will be targeted at a select segment through methods of differentiation. While insect repellents do not have a specific point of differentiation as their use is broad and general, this particular product will be targeted at people who feel that the scent of the insect repellent is important to interaction. The provision of a desirable scent will, therefore, make the current Ultrathon product more useful for this segment of people, especially with regards to women home-keepers and groups travelling outdoors for group activities. The product will be marketed to the Midwestern region of the United States in geographical terms. The marketing of the prod uct will focus on the Midwestern region because there is a high use of insecticides in the region. The promotion focus will be on the rural and urban areas with a higher possibility to exploit the market in urban areas because of the product’s new attractive scent. Sales should also be strong in the rural areas of the Midwest because it will attract more users to a Scented version of the Scented Ultrathon insect repellent, while also bringing in new clients who will be attracted by a Scented insect repellent. In terms of demographics, important factors will include family cycle, income, and age. The marketing campaign will target both male and female consumers aged between eighteen and forty because they are most likely to be involved in outdoor activities and starting a family. In addition, this age group has more affinity for worn scents than the older demographics. This age group is also likely to be either single or starting a family, while single people in the region are increasing because they wait longer prior to committing to marriage. The marketing campaign will focus its advertising on this group since they have more tendencies to purchase items for personal care, such as colognes and perfumed sprays. In addition, individuals who earn below $20,000 annually rarely use insect repellents and, for this reason, the marketing campaign will be aimed at those who are aged between eighteen and forty with income levels that are above $20,000. Finally, with regards to psychographic segmentation, this will not be as crucial as the other discussed segmentation criteria for the target market. However, the marketing campaign could target customers by focusing on their values and lifestyle, which should be brought to the forefront of the marketing strategy. The lifestyles of the age group discussed above lean towards healthy living, and they are very insistent on environmental protection (Garoogian 76). They also enjoy activities that involve the outdoors wi th the major activities for recreation being fishing and hunting. They also enjoy outdoor sport, boating, golfing, hiking, and camping. For 3M Ultrathon Scented, the

Nursing Theory Plan of Care Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Nursing Theory Plan of Care - Research Paper Example Most of the nursing models are capable of producing effective care plans towards documenting the patient’s treatment so that all other healthcare workers and professional who encounter such a patient will know the patient’s condition. However, the care plan should be to allow daily evaluation and changes as the needs and ability of the patient may change. Notably, the care plans are often shaped by the nursing model or theories upon which the car plan was formulated. Thus, the nursing theories have a significant impact on the significant of the clinical practices. Dorothea Orem’s general theory is among the nursing theories that provide a fundamental framework that define nursing care practices that should be offered to patients. The Orem’s general theory is often defined by three highly defined theories including the self-care theory. The self-care theory defines the activities that a patient needs to achieve a complete or achieve optimum health Orem, Ren penning, and Taylor, 2003). Additionally, Orem’s theory is defined by self-care deficit that specifies when the nursing care in appropriate for the patient who can meet his or her self-care needs. Finally, the Orem’s general theory is defined by the nursing systems theory that describes how the nurse, patient, or both working together will meet the underlined self-care needs. The Orem’s theory ensures that a nurse properly identifies the self-care deficits of the patient’s ability. A nurse can achieve this through acting or guiding the patients or other parties involve in her or his care in supporting the patient (Roussel and Swansburg, 2009). Moreover, the nurse should provide a friendly environment that encourages the patient thereby developing self-care abilities. Such environment can be achieved through teaching the patient and others persons involve in his care on how to meet the environmental self-care needs of the patient. Therefore, the main aim o f the Orem’s self-care model is enable patients and  their  family  or caregivers  to maintain or take care of their health (Meleis, 2011). Orem’s Model Health Care Plan There are numerous health care plans that are proposed by Orem’s model of practice and Mr. Issler must consider undertaking all of them. 1. Universal self-care requisites I will advise Mr. Issler to maintain human integrity in order to allow proper functioning of his body structures. In providing health care for Mr. Issler, the following requisites shall be to consider Maintain sufficient air, water, and food intake Provision of health care assoc through elimination process Mr. Issler to be advised to balance between chores and rest and between solitude and social interaction He is to avoid hazardous life like getting to congested and overcrowded places 2. Developmental self-care requi

Is it better to use GDP per Essay Example for Free

Is it better to use GDP per Essay Many numbers could be calculated to make a judgment on an economy. But we need a general number that measures the total economys strength, but is it better to use the cruel GDP number to measure the level of growth of a particular economy, or calculate the GDP per head number to get a better judgment? On March 13th under the title of Grossly distorted picture in the Journal The Economist an article talked about that issue and compared between the two measures with evidences and examples. The writers opinion The writer tries to grab our attention to the fact that maybe using the total GDP does not show the real state of the economy, but a better way to measure the economy is the GDP per head which the writer is considering it a rough guide to average living standards. (GDP, 2008). So, according to the writer (2008) opinion the amount of total GDP doesnt necessarily indicates to the real growth of the economy, even sometimes the level of economic growth in a particular country could be higher than another country that has a higher GDP number because of the lower level of growth in population. The writer (2008) in this article demonstrates two obvious examples which they are America and Japan, while the US economy made a growth of 2. 9% Japans economy made a growth of 2. 1%, so most people would say immediately that the US economy scored better but we must consider also the level of population growth, while the GDP per head growth in US was 1. 9% it scored 2. 1% in Japan, higher domestic increase in population and a very high level of new people come from abroad cause a 1% growth in population, but in Japan the GDP per head growth reached the level of 2. 1% because Japans population has been decreasing. (GDP, 2008). Shortcomings Anonymous (2008) also gives other example of how using GDP per head tells a completely different story than using the GDP, as using the GDP growth doesnt necessarily provide the right image of a countrys welfare, but population growth must be regarded too. The writer (2008) provides examples like Brazil which has been in a fast growing economy, but for the last fast year the GDP per head increase by only 2. 3% because of the high growth of population, and the writers (2008) gives the opposite example which is Russia who has a GDP growth near the level of Brazil, but yet still the GDP per head tripled for Russia because population rapidly decrease. In general, the GDP is a tricky measure but GDP per head provides a clearer image according to what the writer (2008) say. Should recession be redefined? the standard definition of a recession—a decline in real GDP over some period . (GDP, 2008). But, should this definition still be used? The writer (2008) disagrees with that as recession doesnt necessarily mean an actual decrease in GDP but simply a decrease in GDP per head, and for example he imagines that in Japan where the population is decreasing if the GDP growth was 0% the GDP per head will increase, but in America the GDP per head growth will be considered dropping over the past couple of months because the population growth exceeded the GDP growth, so the writer (2008) suggests that the right definition of recession should be a fall in average income per Person. Conclusion The writer (2008) suggests GDP per head not just for the fact the GDP per head considers the growth of population, but he thinks that using GDP per head can boost up economies. By giving Japan as an example the writer (2008) recommends that government announces GDP per head which is increasing because of decreasing population instead of disappointing GDP number, this will make people optimistic and make them consume more and economy gains. References Grossly distorted picture. (2008, March 13). Retrieved April 6, 2008, from http://media. economist. com/finance/displaystory. cfm? story_id=10852462

Essay --

Question 1: Based upon the accompanying INTSUM, OPREP-3, and Warning Order for the Bangladesh scenario provide a Combatant Commander's revised mission statement. Ensure that this statement includes the elements of "who, what, when, where, and why". (10 points) When directed, US Pacific Command employs joint forces in concert with coalition forces to conduct foreign humanitarian assistance operations in Bangladesh in order to alleviate the immediate loss of life and stabilize the humanitarian crisis caused by Cyclone Janari. Conduct of operations is in support of US Government lead agency (Department of State/USAID and the US Ambassador to Bangladesh) and in coordination with local government forces, nongovernmental organizations, and private voluntary organizations to provide rapid aid delivery while minimizing US and coalition forces footprint. On order, stabilize the Joint Operations Area, transition control to the Government of Bangladesh, and redeploy to home station. Question 2: The commander's intent identifies the purpose of the campaign and the endstate. Based upon the INTSUM, OPREP-3 and Warning Order provide the Combatant Commander's intent. (10 points) As the Combatant Commander, my intent is to support the Government of Bangladesh in stabilizing the immediate humanitarian crisis by conducting foreign humanitarian assistance (FHA) operations in the affected areas. We will conduct/lead combined operations with coalition forces, local government forces, interagency (Department of State/USAID and the US Ambassador to Bangladesh), nongovernment organizations (NGO), and private voluntary organizations (PVO) to the extent that the Government of Bangladesh can then provide adequate assistance to victims of Cyclone Jan... ... and emergence of cooperative activities allow for lesser state and non-state actors the ability to develop offensive and counterspace systems that can create a degraded environment. Therefore, US forces are compelled to develop mission-effective alternatives (e.g. nontraditional ISR platforms like targeting pods), establish access of partner capabilities, and build resilience in cost effective next space capabilities (hosting payloads on various platforms). For these reasons, The Air Force can best accept risk within the global integrated ISR capability. References: Campaign Planning Primer: AY 07 (Carlisle, PA: US Army War College, Department of Military Strategy, Planning, and Operations), 1-35. Deptula, D. Lesson 6, Reading 1. Dorsett, D. Lesson 13, Reading 4. Gates, R. Lesson 7, Reading 2. Rueschhoff, J. Lesson 2, Reading 4. Schwartz, N. Lesson 6, Reading 2.

Being a Teacher

What is your decision-Pursue teaching profession or NOT. Explain the basis of your decision. I will still pursue the teaching profession no matter what. Although this profession does not have salary high as the other profession still I think teaching is very fulfilling in my part. Why do I choose teaching profession over other profession? I think that even though I will earn not so big salary still I will enjoy teaching. First, I choose this in my own will it is not just anybody told me to take this profession. Second, I love speaking and sharing thought or knowledge to others. Lastly, I love children though. There also some reasons I choose teaching profession over others, I see my mother and my sister as a role model, a good teacher I think, they are also the very big factor that’s why I’m in this profession today. Teaching requires a very big skills as you step your foot on it, there will come a time you need to be the patience, loving, caring, understandable, etc. NOT only that you have you there your knowledge to teach, but be sure that you love what you’re doing. It is not how much you earn, but it is that you see every student’s smiles, how they thank you as their teacher and the love that the student gives and vice versa. It’s also fulfilling to a teacher’s heart when they see their student graduating and being a professional someday. Being an Education student today I also want to feel how heart fulfilling teaching is. Salary? It is just a number or money for the people who truly enjoy their work and felt happiness in what you are doing. I want to experience all things in teaching and I so hopeful that I will succeed this profession. I am really praying to God to help me become happy in teaching profession and feel fulfillment on this profession.

Montesquieu and George Washington

Our national government, in my opinion, was structured by following the writings of Montesquieu. Montesquieu wrote that leaders could not be trusted to always do what was right for the people and that govenment should be structured to keep the leaders of the government from acting in a selfish manner and passing laws that would help a select few instead of the majority of the people. That is exactly the way our Founding Fathers thought when they were writing the Constitution.Montesquieu first had the idea of seperation of powers in a government. He thought if there were different branches of government, then no one branch would have too much power. He also thought that each branch of government should represent different groups of the population, so no one group would have all the power. Our government followed this almost exactly as he wrote it. We have the Congress which is divided up into two seperate houses, one being represented by people who are voted on by the population.How m any representatives there are, depends on the amount of people in an area. The other is voted on by the people, but are the same amount for each state. Montesquieu also believed in a checks and balances system, where one branch of government has the power to check on another branch, and that one branch could not force another to do what it wanted it to do, but it could make sure that the other branch was doing something it shouldn't do. I think our national government has followed this idea too.Our government is set up so that each branch can check on the other to make sure they are doing what they are supposed to do for the common good of the nation. Ours may go even further than Montesquieu's ideas, because our President has the power to Veto a law that has passed through Congress, but Congress can override his veto if they have enough votes. I think the men who set up our national government not only followed the ideas of Montesquieu, but believed his ideas were correct when stru ctering our government.

Executing Mentally Retarded essays

Executing Mentally Retarded essays Executing Mentally Retarded Individuals is Unconstitutional Every year there are multiple cases brought to court. Most individuals accused of crimes are competent to understand the charges brought upon them and if they are guilty of them or not. There are a few exceptions to this. Certain individuals that are brought to trial are considered incompetent to stand trial based on their mentally capacity. These individuals are considered to be mentally retarded. It is unconstitutional to sentence a mentally retarded individual. In coming to this conclusion one must understand what is considered mentally retarded, view examples of cases in which a mentally retarded person was sentenced to death, and look closely at supreme court cases dealing with the actual constitutionality of the punishment. There are many definitions that try to explain what mental retardation is. The American Association on Mental Retardation and the American Psychiatric Association define it as significantly sub average general intelligence that causes major difficulties in activities of daily living, and has manifested by age eighteen. (The ARC) The Americans With Disabilities Act of 1992 adds to this definition by stating that mentally retarded individuals are limited in two or more of the following areas of skill: caring for oneself, home-living, social skills, community use, and self-direction. (The ARC) Mentally retarded individuals typically generate a score of seventy or below on a standardized IQ test. A score less than seventy on an IQ represents the bottom 2 percent of the general population. A person with an IQ score at the bottom of the population often proves to have problems with learning, especially fundamental things such as reading, writing, and arithmetic. The ability for a mentally retarded individual to reason, plan, judge, and discriminate are diminished in comparison t...

Truckers Can Your Resume Go the Distance

Truckers Can Your Resume Go the Distance Once you’ve finished your CDL schooling, it’s time to put that learning and license to good use, and a well-curated resume can get you there!  According to AllTruckJobs.com, â€Å"The major traits you want to capitalize on are which kind of certified license you have, your positive safety record, and your healthy physical exam results.† Don’t make the mistake of thinking a trucking resume needs less polished formatting or careful proofreading than a desk job application! Begin by putting your name and contact information front and center–if you don’t already have a professional email address (like Tom.Lennox@gmail.com, as opposed to HotRod9700@hotmail.com) make sure you open an account and check it regularly.Include a  Career Objective next, which is  a short statement introducing you and describing why you’re the best fit for the job, like this:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Dry Haul Driver with over 4 years experience with zero accidents. Possesse s a Class A License.†Then move on to a list of your Professional Experience–starting with the most recent and working backwards. With concise bullet points, emphasize the specific responsibilities you mastered with each position, particularly any unusual or high-skill aspects of the job. Employers like to see well-rounded applications who have experience in all aspects of the job. Make sure you use a consistent tense and format for each bullet, (i.e. â€Å"Drove mix truck†¦, Conducted inspections†¦, Operated levers†¦,† NOT â€Å"Load materials†¦, Trained employees†¦, Follow guidelines†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ).Next is the Additional Skills section, which you can alternatively call a Highlights section and put before your experience if you’d prefer to show off your skills (or if you’ve got less on-the-job experience to promote).   This section can be an even pithier list of your defining characteristics - Reliable; Safety-minded; De fensive Driver, Customer-Oriented, Experienced Navigator; Clean DMV Record; Efficient and Punctual, etc. If your resume is looking a little barren, consider spending some time bulking it up with vehicle repair classes or even a first aid certification–anything that will make it clear you’re an asset to have on the road.Lastly, the Education and License sections! Give the name of your school and the class of your license.Have a friend with excellent communication skills look over your resume for grammar and punctuation issues, then start sending it out to land the gigs that will take you across the country in style!The Road Ready Truck Driver ResumeRead More at www.alltruckjobs.com

Philosophy Critical Thinking Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Philosophy Critical Thinking - Scholarship Essay Example 1: You left your mobile at work. 2:1 To call home you would have to find a pay phone. 2:2 There are not any payphones around here. C: Without a mobile phone you cannot call home from anywhere. The premises are convergent. In the first argument the movement is 1.1, 1.2 and 2 and in the second argument the movement is 1, 2.1 and 2.2. Both arguments have two premises. The first argument has two parts of the first premises and the second argument has two parts in the second premises. Since the structure is different of the two premises, they are convergent on the same level. QUESTION 3: [5 marks] Standardize the target argument and counterargument in the following passage. Include any counterconsiderations and state whether any premises on the same level are linked or convergent. Supporters of the Atkins diet argue that following a high protein, low carbohydrate diet such as the Atkins diet is the best way to lose weight, since on that diet you cut out carbohydrates and it is carbohydrates that are responsible for weight gain. Further evidence they give that the Atkins diet is the way to go is the large number of celebrities who follow it. But nutritionists argue that although the Atkins diet may show immediate results, it is not the best way to lose weight. It is not safe, since eating a lot of protein-rich foods can increase the risk of heart disease, and cutting out carbohydrates increases the risk of some forms of cancer. Also, people who lose weight gradually on more conventional weight-loss plans are more likely to keep the weight off in the long term. Argument: (Atkins Diet) 1: On that diet you cut out carbohydrates and it is carbohydrates that are responsible for weight gain. 2: There is a large number of...The statement here is not trying to convince you rather it provides the logical reasoning behind the unhappiness. The premises are convergent. In the first argument the movement is 1.1, 1.2 and 2 and in the second argument the movement is 1, 2.1 and 2.2. Both arguments have two premises. The first argument has two parts of the first premises and the second argument has two parts in the second premises. Since the structure is different of the two premises, they are convergent on the same level. Supporters of the Atkins diet argue that following a high protein, low carbohydrate diet such as the Atkins diet is the best way to lose weight, since on that diet you cut out carbohydrates and it is carbohydrates that are responsible for weight gain. Further evidence they give that the Atkins diet is the way to go is the large number of celebrities who follow it. But nutritionists argue that although the Atkins diet may show immediate results, it is not the best way to lose weight. It is not safe, since eating a lot of protein-rich foods can increase the risk of heart disease, and cutting out carbohydrates increases the risk of some forms of cancer. Also, people who lose weight gradually on more conventional weight-loss plans are more likely to keep the weight off in the long term. The counterargument does not react directly to the one premise given.

The likely implications of a large country engaging in loose monetary Essay - 1

The likely implications of a large country engaging in loose monetary policy for exchange rates - Essay Example Like any other economy in the world, certain internal and external factors move its exchange rates in the short term and long term. These range from inflation and interests rates, balance of payment, investors and traders confidence in Germany and fiscal health of the government among others. Loose monetary policy generates both positive and negative effects to the economy, where the later can be severe and may require protection interventions to regulate the economic behaviour Monetary policies are controlled by the federal governments through the Central Banks in the nations. Therefore, depending on how the economy is performing, the federal government would provide the guidance on the monetary policy (loose or tight) to adopt. On the other hand, fiscal monetary policy in an economy and the transmission of a shock from the broader economy (e.g. global crisis or US shock affecting the Euro) could affect and action of the government and eventually the monetary policy. Large countries have high population of people and due to their engagement in economic development and high international transactions with the rest of the world; they tend to affect the economic variables of other open foreign markets, more than the small countries. Open economies/ countries are those that participate in international trade or economic activities, facilitating some level of freedom in importation and exportation with other countries. Measuring openness is quite complicated and theoretically determined by the level of protectionism (e.g. tariffs) applied by the country. However it can be estimated through the trade to GDP ratio in a country. Small countries are more open than large countries; they have higher than 70 percent openness premium (shares of imports and exports in GDP) (Damijan et al, 2013, p. 4). The effect of the loose monetary policy in the domestic front of small countries tends to be similar to large countries and perhaps faster and severely. However, in the foreig n front, there would be a variance, especially in the international factor flow that is translated in the domestic capital market. This is because of the trade volatility and high degree of openness that make them more vulnerable to external shocks. Similarly, the shocks from the small countries tend to have negligible effect in the broader foreign market, hence on the receivers end. What would happen to the exchange rates in Germany in case of a loose monetary policy? German is the largest economy in Europe with an open but regulated market. It also shares a common currency (Euro) with rest of the nations in the European Union who accepted to the terms of currency union. This in fact reduces the chances of speculative attacks on the Germany currency. According to the Europecafe (2013), German stood at number 5 rank of the largest economies across the globe; the dominating European country in trade and especially in machinery export abroad. If German can opt for an expansionary mone tary policy, its real interest rates would decline, forcing Germany’s domestic capital and financial assets to have lower real rates of return. The basic principal here is that monetary policy affects finances through interest rates and ultimately the exchange rates. Domestic investment for Germany would hence reduce after some time, as the previous investors prefer to invest abroad in search

Family Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Family Interview - Essay Example nter with a close relative like an aunt in this case gives an insight into the effect of the colonial socio-political and economic structure that has remained to define Haiti society to date. Critical assessment of the Haiti history shows significant cultural homogeneity with emphasis on religious practices that is dominated by Christianity. Of sensitive interest is the voodoo religion which can be traced back to the central African natives blended with American natives during the slavery period. It is therefore in the interest of the scholars and general public to understand the series of social reconstruction that Haiti has gone through in order to attain its current identity. Even the name was changed and some events are undertaken to date in commemoration of the French departure in the era of Marcus guvey.A family interview forms an important primary source of data in as far as the history and contemporary culture of Haiti is concerned. Besides, the information obtained reflect s ignificant overall socio-economic and political trend across Latin America. My Aunt who was the respondent in this interview used the concept of health as being based on the equilibrium and balance between hot (cho) and cold (fret). She holds the strong belief that sadness, excessive anger and fear are key health contributors. She believes that the spiritual well being i.e. being prayerful is an indication of spiritual good while illness is a result of a wrong doing and disrespect to the deity. Growing up in the Port au Prince Haiti, my Aunt had three sisters and four brothers. Her parents were raised in Haiti though moved to the US in their late twenties. She went to the United States when she was twenty eight and grew up together with her siblings, which strengthened the family bond between them. They are so close that a day barely passes without the siblings meeting. My Aunts mother was born in Ouanaminthe which is a small town in the Northern part of Haiti, with an approximated

The Accumulation of Capital Essay Example for Free

The Accumulation of Capital Essay Joan Robinson (1903-83) is one of the leading economists of the 20th century and the only woman among the great economists. Her writings on economic development show a strong sense of the historical context of social change and a concern with economic organization and institutions rather than resource allocation. The existence of al living beings has the character of certain economic relationships. For example, in her work The Accumulation of Capital (1956) Robinson shows how from the economy’s point of view a human being can practice the behavior of an ordinary robin, and proceeding from this comparison she notes that economic life of humans is incomparably more complicated and needs very profound analysis. According to Robinson a group of people who specialize and co-operate are more likely to produce far greater results than the sum of their independent efforts. Basing on this simple fact, she continues, human economies develop into very intricate complexes of specialized activities. The method of distribu ¬tion of the product of interlocking activities then becomes important. After the distribution of the products the notion PROPERTY comes to light. There are a great number of societies on the planet, which live in accord with different types of economies. For example, there is slave economy, capitalist economy, socialist economy, etc. The methods of distribu ¬tion of the product of interlocking activities in each of these economies are cardinally different. Robinson claims that no actual economy conforms to a pure type. For example when she speaks about the economies, which are predominantly capitalist, she states that they contain many elements of production for home consumption, many elements of artisan production and many elements of socialism. This book deals predominantly with capitalist economy. It explicates certain capitalist rules, under which anyone who has suffi ¬cient purchasing power, or finance, and knows how to set about it, can become an employer of labor or entrepreneur. Then on the explanation of what entrepreneur is and how entrepreneurship developed is provided. For example, she compares the historical and modern notion of entrepreneur – in the early days of capitalism the typical entrepreneur was an individual who had invested his own finance in a business which he managed himself and bequeathed to his heirs as a going concern. The entrepreneur in modern conditions is a very amorphous conception; in brief, it is decision-taking entity, embodying the policy of a firm. The capitalist rules of the economy encourage large-scale produc ¬tion and the use of elaborate techniques. This raises output per man much above what an artisan can achieve. Thus, one of the tasks of entrepreneur is, in fact, to organize his employees in such a way to reach the highest possible output. In the following chapters Robinson presents the traditional categories in which the sources of income are usually divided like wages, rent, interest and profits. She also provides very clear and complete explanation of each of these categories. According to Broadly, economic wealth is the command over goods and services that are desired, or consuming power for short. The significance of production lies in the consumption, which it makes possible. The motive of each individual is to get command over money, and a flow of goods and services suitable to meet human wants emerges as a by ¬product of their efforts to do so. Thus the purchasing power of individuals and groups is the major influence on their consuming power. The purchasing power in real terms of a sum of money consists in a list of all the possible goods and services that it might buy. Purchasing power must be examined, so to say, in two layers the command of an individual or group over money, and the command given by a unit of money over goods and services. She states her position that the marginal productivity theory is not appropriate to explain the distribution of the national income between capital and labor, because, as she explains it is impossible to measure capital independently of labor. When assessing purchasing power we cannot do without such notion as money. Generally, money and its function is one of the central notions of economy. The economy is monetary, because there is specialization and exchange between different groups. Robinson underlies the importance of presenting the price level in terms of money, but she does not leave aside the importance of labor invested in the product. As she observes, many contracts besides the wage bargain are made in terms of money, and changes in the purchasing power of money bring about opposite changes in the real benefit and the real cost of the payments concerned so long as the contract holds. But in the long run all contracts are revised, so that a change in the real value of money becomes just a change in words. Over the long run the important price level is the price level in terms of labor time, for this expresses the distribution of the total product of the economy between work and property. Robinson concludes her book with the chapter which deals with the importance of equilibrium in economic relations. She presents different models of economic cooperation and comes to conclusion that an economy, which existed in a state of tranquility, lucidity and harmony, would be devoted to the production and con ¬sumption of wealth in a rational manner. She emphasizes the necessity to describe these conditions to see how remote they are from the states in which actual economies dwell. Traditionally she resorts to the showing the real example on capitalist model, which could never have come into existence in such conditions, for the divorce between work and property, which makes large-scale enterprise possible, entails conflict; and the rules of the game have been developed precisely to make accumulation and technical progress possible in conditions of uncertainty and imperfect knowledge. Yet too much disturbance, deception and conflict would break an economy to pieces. The persistence of capitalism till to day is evidence that certain principles of coherence are imbedded in its confusion, concludes Robinson in her work. The models of economic concepts in Joan Robinsons The Accumulation of Capital are very easy to understand and provide insight into the fundamental elements of an extremely complex process of economies. By concentrating on the purely economic strands in the process of development we can provide a practical guide to understanding history, and indicate to people how best they might set about their task. The Accumulation of Capital deals with money, credit, finance, interest rates, and banks. Joan Robinson exhibits her clear comprehension of the complexities of the financial world. Moreover, she appears to be able to provide a novelty of comprehensive view of the relations between the financial system and the macroeconomy. This book is a perfect source of valuable information on money, credit and finance. Reference: Robinson, Joan (1956), The Accumulation of Capital, Macmillan, London.

Insight into milan kunderas narrative Essay -- essays research papers

Insight into Milan Kundera’s narrative This essay is specifically based on the narrative technique used by Milan Kundera in his book The Unbearable Lightness of Being. It is mostly focused in a personal critic supported with comments and critics made by important and distinguished authors. To sum up, it is an essay which main point is directed to the description of Milan Kundera’s narration as well as a personal opinion supported by critics of experts. The Unbearable Lightness of Being is a work of fiction, that it is also combined with facts of history. Works of fiction can be told from the point of view of one of the characters, that means first person narration or it can be told by the author as narrator, that would mean third person narration. Most of the time, when the author is telling the story, he tries not to be perceived or to be noticed as less as possible. There is an exception to this rule called â€Å"the intrusive narrator†. This narrator addresses the reader and talks about issues concerning the narration. He tries to make his presence visible. (O’Brien 1). Milan Kundera uses in his narrative technique the intrusive narrator. He interrupts the reading with his authoritarian voice that most of the time fell into disfavour for the reader because it distracts the mind and reduces the emotional intensity of the experience of reading by interrupting and calling attention to the act of narrating. Mostly, this type of technique employed by Kundera leads to a different perception of the narrator. He gains power by interrupting the narration with his opinions, controlling the presence of the characters, his authoritarian voice and so on. The author has influence in the reading experience. The reader can drastically change his experience by getting to know the author and feeling his unwanted presence in the novel. Furthermore, Kundera’s work in the narrative is constantly analyzed and questioned from a philosophical point of view (Corbett 1). However, it would be wrong to regard Kundera as a philosopher. He enjoys playing with his storylines and while analysing them rationally, he opens up an infinite way of interpreting the presented facts. Here is an example of how he plays with the storylines in the last pages of the book : â€Å" And therein lies the whole of man’s plight. Human time does not turn in a circle; it runs ahead in a straight line. That is w... ...ive technique. To conclude, Kundera’s narrative technique is very complex and unusual, it is also very rich in history and fiction. It might being difficult the easy flowing of the reading, but I have to accept that he is a very good author, who knows what is doing. He uses the â€Å"intrusive narrator† technique, because he does not want to be a dissident writer. (Contemporary Literay Criticism-Select 1). References: Corbett, Bob. â€Å"The Unbearable Lightness of Being†. New York. October 2001. Retrieved from WilsonWeb, FSU libraries. Doctorow, E.L. â€Å"Four Characters Under Two Tyrannies†. New York Times Book Review. April 29, 1984: 1. FSU Libraries. Literature Resource Center. Kussi, Peter. â€Å"Milan Kundera: Dialogues with Fiction†. World Literature Today, Vol.57, No. 2, Spring 1983, pp. 206-209. FSU libraries. Literature Resource Center. O’Brien, John. â€Å"Milan Kundera: Meaning, Play, and the Role of the Author.† Critique. Vol. XXXIV. No. 1. Fall, 1992: 3-18. FSU Libraries. Literature Resource Center. â€Å"Milan Kundera: The Unbearable Stardom†. New Statesman. London England: 1996. WilsonWeb, FSU libraries. â€Å"Milan Kundera†. Contemporary Literary Criticism-Select. WilsonWeb, FSU libraries.

Electronic Health Record Implementation Health And Social Care Essay

The passage from paper records to electronic wellness records has been a challenge in the province of Mississippi. This research survey will concentrate on electronic wellness record ( EHR ) preparedness of ague attention infirmaries in the province of Mississippi. The survey will turn to the factors associated with execution every bit good as the benefits, barriers and hazards. The survey will besides supply information as to the position of EHR execution in the province of Mississippi. Introduction. The Bush disposal mandated a call to action for the execution of electronic wellness records within a decennary in 2004. Healthcare suppliers were given a timeline for execution and the confidence that the authorities would be an active protagonist. In 2009, the Obama disposal outlined funding in the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act for EHR support. Suppliers must choose a system and seller that is certified by the Certification Commission for Health Information Technology ( CCHIT ) in order to measure up for federal support. With the 2014 deadline looming, some installations have non started the procedure of EHR choice and execution. In 2008, a comparable survey was performed measuring EHR preparedness in the province of Alabama. A self-completed study was mailed to 131 managers in the wellness information direction ( HIM ) section of Alabama infirmaries. Harmonizing to the research provided in the survey, of 91 reacting infirmaries ( 69 per centum response rate ) , merely 12.0 per centum have completed execution of EHRs ( Houser & A ; Johnson, 2008 ) . Background of the Problem. In 2004, President Bush called for widespread acceptance of the EHR within 10 old ages. Traveling from paper to EHRs has been a challenge for many infirmaries and doctors ‘ offices. Although attempts toward EHR execution started about two decennaries ago, the procedure has been slow ( Amatayakul, M. K. , 2007 ) . Harmonizing to a recent study on EHR advancement, the acceptance of EHRs â€Å" is non happening every bit quickly as hoped, † and the U.S. is dawdling in acceptance of EHRs ( Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2006 ; Powell, A. , October 12, 2006 ) . Recent studies suggested that EHR execution was between 17 to 24 per centum in doctors ‘ offices in an ambulatory attention puting ( Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2006 ; A Jha, A. K. , T. G. Ferris, K. Donelan, C. DesRoches, A. Shields, S. Rosenbaum, and D. Blumenthal, October 2006 ) . EHR usage in any format in hospital scenes was estimated to be 20 to 25 per centum, and the usage of computerized physician order entry ( CPOE ) was about 15 per centum ( Blumenthal, D. , March 2006 ) . Compared to urban infirmaries, EHR usage in rural infirmaries was less common ( Bahensky, J. A. , M. Jaana, and M. M. Ward. 2008 ) .Ward ‘s survey indicated that more than 80 per centum of urban infirmaries reported utilizing computing machines to roll up basic clinical information for possible usage in an EHR and CPOE system, while merely 30 to 40 per centum of rural infirmaries were making so ( Ward, M. M. , M. Jaana, J. A. Bahensky, S. Vartak, and D. S. Wakefield,2006 ) . Purpose of Study. The intent of the proposed survey will concentrate on the figure of healthcare organisations in Mississippi that have implemented electronic wellness records. The survey will place barriers and benefits to execution and buttocks preparedness province broad. Significance of Study. A survey done in April 2009 entitled â€Å" Use of Electronic Health Records in U.S. Hospitals † stated that of responses from 63.1 % of infirmaries surveyed, merely 1.5 % of U.S. infirmaries have a comprehensive electronic-records system ( i.e. , present in all clinical units ) , and an extra 7.6 % have a basic system ( i.e. , present in at least one clinical unit ) . Computerized provider-order entry for medicines has been implemented in merely 17 % of infirmaries. Larger infirmaries, those located in urban countries, and learning infirmaries were more likely to hold electronic-records systems. Respondents cited capital demands and high care costs as the primary barriers to execution, although infirmaries with electronic-records systems were less likely to mention these barriers than infirmaries without such systems ( Jha, 2009 ) . The EHR has several distinguishable advantages over paper wellness records. One definite advantage is the fact that there are increasing storage capablenesss for longer periods of clip. Besides, the EHR is â€Å" accessible from distant sites to many people at the same clip â€Å" ( Young 99 ) and retrieval of the information is about immediate. The record is continuously updated and is available at the same time for usage everyplace. Information is instantly accessible at any unit workstation whenever it is needed. Presently the paper record represents â€Å" monolithic atomization of clinical wellness information. † ( Schloeffel et al. 1 ) This non merely causes the cost of information direction to increase but besides â€Å" atomization leads to even greater costs due to its inauspicious effects on current and future patient attention † ( Schloeffel et al. 1 ) . The EHR can besides supply medical qui vives and reminders. EHR systems have some â€Å" constitutional intelligence capablenesss, such as acknowledging unnatural lab consequences, or possible dangerous drug interactions † ( Koeller 11 ) . Research findings back uping diagnostic trials and the EHR â€Å" can associate the clinician to protocols, attention programs, critical waies, literature databases, pharmaceutical information and other databases of health care cognition † ( Young 100 ) . Computer systems should non take the topographic point of doctors ‘ critical judgements nevertheless, â€Å" a well-designed EHR supports accountable liberty, roll uping and circulating information to help the medical professional in determination devising † ( Wellen, Bouchard, and Houston 2 ) . Another benefit to an EHR is that it allows for customized positions of information relevant to the demands of assorted fortes. The EHR is â€Å" far more flexible, leting its users to plan and use coverage formats tailored to their ain particular demands and to form and expose informations in assorted ways † ( Dick, Steen, and Detmer 46 ) . As a direction tool, the EHR can supply information to better hazard direction and appraisal results. Today, reimbursement is based on results hence healthcare organisations â€Å" must seek advanced ways to better quality of attention and results while pull offing costs † ( Dray 3 ) . An EHR can diminish charting clip and charting mistakes, hence increasing the productiveness of health care workers and diminishing medical mistakes due to illegible notes. â€Å" Reduction of medical mistakes is the concern of the populace at big, province legislators, health care suppliers, and many other wellness professionals † ( Waegemann et al. 11 ) . There have been legion narratives about fatal errors happening because of illegible notes written by doctors. EHRs â€Å" address a job that has plagued medical staff really perchance since the first physician put pencil to paper [ aˆÂ ¦ ] ( Dobias 3 ) . Since â€Å" script is natural, and hence hard to alter † ( Dobias 3 ) automated systems can assist extinguish this job. Although some systems may look dearly-won, the additions in efficiency far offset the costs. Chart chasing is eliminated, as is duplicate informations entry of the same information on multiple signifiers. â€Å" Highly paid, skilled clinicians no longer are delayed by the hunt for elusive paper charts, and useable result information becomes available without several yearss of informations digest † ( Wellen, Bouchard, and Houston 3 ) . Financially, the EHR will supply more accurate charge information and will let the suppliers of attention to subject their claims electronically, hence having payment quicker. The patient is even happier, because old information is available so the patient does non hold to go on to supply the same information over and over once more ( Gurley, 2006 ) . The completion of this survey will add to the organic structure of cognition by detailing the grounds for or against partial or full electronic wellness record execution in Mississippi. Chapter 2 – Reappraisal of Literature Reappraisal of the Literature A literature reappraisal for this topic has provided many relevant articles covering the subject of electronic wellness record execution. After choosing articles that were more closely aligned with the range of this research, I examined the mark population ( infirmaries in Mississippi ) , research intent ( designation of factors, barriers, and benefits of execution ) , the differing research methods, the information analysis method, variables, demographics every bit good as sample size. The literature systematically reflects positive benefits of utilizing this engineering. The study survey design was most normally used in the literature and seems to bring forth more measureable consequences. Sample sizes varied depending on the geographic part. The first article was entitled, â€Å" Percepts Sing Electronic Health Record Implementation among Health Information Management Professionals in Alabama: A State-wide Survey and Analysis. † The intents of this survey were to measure the position of execution of EHRs among Alabama infirmaries ; the factors that are associated with EHR execution ; and the benefits of, barriers to, and hazards of EHR implementation.A A self-completed study was mailed to 131 managers in the wellness information direction ( HIM ) section of Alabama infirmaries. Of 91 reacting infirmaries ( 69 per centum response rate ) , merely 12.0 per centum have completed execution of EHRs. The cardinal factor driving electronic wellness record ( EHR ) execution was to better clinical procedures or workflow efficiency. Lack of equal support and resources was the major barrier to EHR execution. Rural infirmaries were less likely to implement EHRs when compared with urban infirmaries ( p = .07 ) . Adoption of EHRs should be evaluated in deepness for infirmaries, and peculiarly for rural infirmaries. Wayss to seek appropriate support and supply equal resources should be explored ( Houser, 2006 ) .A The 2nd article, â€Å" Use of Electronic Health Records in U.S. Hospitals † is sing the usage of electronic wellness records from a national position. The research workers surveyed all ague attention infirmaries that are members of the American Hospital Association for the presence of specific electronic-record functionalities. Using a definition of electronic wellness records based on adept consensus, the research workers determined the proportion of infirmaries that had such systems in their clinical countries. We besides examined the relationship of acceptance of electronic wellness records to specific infirmary features and factors that were reported to be barriers to or facilitators of acceptance ( Jha et.al, 2009 ) . The research workers collaborated with the American Hospital Association ( AHA ) to study all ague attention general medical and surgical member infirmaries. The study was presented as an information engineering addendum to the association ‘s one-year study of members, and like the overall AHA questionnaire, was sent to the infirmary ‘s main executive officer. Hospital main executive officers by and large assigned the most knowing individual in the establishment ( in this instance, typically the main information officer or equivalent ) to finish the study. Non-responding infirmaries received multiple telephone calls and reminder letters inquiring them to finish the study. The study was ab initio mailed in March 2008, and their in-field period ended in September 2008 ( Jha et.al, 2009 ) . The research workers found that less than 2 % of ague attention infirmaries have a comprehensive electronic-records system, and that, depending on the definition used, between 8 and 12 % of infirmaries have a basic electronic-records system. With the usage of the definition that requires the presence of functionalities for doctors ‘ notes and nursing appraisals, information systems in more than 90 % of U.S. infirmaries do non even run into the demand for a basic electronic-records system ( Jha et.al, 2009 ) . These articles focused on information which will turn out to be good as I move frontward with this research undertaking. There is a demand for extra literature hunt in order to study/research extra stuff related to this peculiar survey. Chapter 3 – Methodology Methodology Research Design. The research worker will utilize study research design and analysis. Each HIM manager was sent a validated study comprised of multiple pick and open ended inquiries. The information for the survey will be collected anonymously via study mailed to infirmaries in Mississippi. A random control figure will be assigned to each study and envelope. There will be no linkage to individuality of establishments, merely aggregated informations will be published. Population and Sample Design. The choice of sample size was based on the figure of infirmaries in the province of Mississippi. This survey will measure perceptual experiences sing electronic wellness record execution in assorted types of infirmaries in Mississippi. The sample will be a convenience sample of all HIM managers in the province of MS, consisting all major geographic locations and/or hospital size. Data Collection Procedures. In September, 2010, the research worker mailed self completed studies to infirmaries in Mississippi. Participating installations had 4 hebdomads from the day of the month they received the study to return it in the ego addressed stamped envelope provided. Addresss and contact information for the installations was gathered from the American Hospital Directory, the Mississippi Department of Health, and the Official State of Mississippi web sites. By December 2010, the thesis will be complete and ready for presentation. Research Questions. Each participant was asked inquiries sing demographics alone to their installation. The study inquiries we focused on sensed hazards and benefits of implementing an EHR wholly and in portion. The participants were besides asked inquiries sing their degree of instruction, certificates, and age scope. Profile of Sample Population A missive and ego completed study was mailed to 90 managers of wellness information direction in Mississippi infirmaries. Data Analysis. A quantitative research method will be used as the method of analysis. The information will enable a graded comparing of infirmaries in Mississippi that have non-implemented, partly and to the full implemented electronic wellness records. We will utilize descriptive statistics to supply a sum-up of the informations collected. Chapter 4- Consequences Features of Respondents Of a sum of 46 study respondents, a big bulk ( 96 per centum ) were HIM managers, and the staying respondents ( 4 per centum ) were hospital administrative forces ( Figure 4 ) . 35 of the 46 respondents ( 76 per centum ) were between the ages of 40 and 59, 6 respondents ( 13 per centum ) were 22 to 39, 4 respondents ( 9 per centum ) were over 60, and one participant chose non to react ( Figure 13 ) . 55 per centum ( 25 respondents ) held Registered Health Information Administrator ( RHIA ) certificates, 12 respondents ( 26 per centum ) held Registered Health Information Technician certificates ( RHIT ) , 1 respondent ( 2 per centum ) held Certified Professional Coder ( CPC ) enfranchisements, 4 respondents ( 9 per centum ) were dually certified keeping RHIA certificates and a Certified Coding Specialist ( CCS ) enfranchisement, 1 respondent ( 2 per centum ) held an RHIT certificate and Certified Coding Specialist ( CCS ) enfranchisement, and the staying 3 respondents ( 6 per centum ) chose non to react ( Figure 14 ) . The highest degree of instruction attained by the HIM professionals was besides included in the information aggregation. 61 per centum ( 28 respondents ) had obtained a unmarried man ‘s grade, 26 per centum ( 12 respondents ) had obtained an associate ‘s grade, 5 respondents ( 2 per centum ) had obtained certifications, 1 respondent ( 2 per centum ) had obtained a maestro ‘s grade, 2 respondents ( 4 per centum ) had obtained other grades in topics non related to HIM, and 1 respondent did non take part in this inquiry ( Figure 15 ) . While 28 per centum of the reacting HIM professionals have strong input, another 56 per centum have small or merely some input on determinations sing EHR execution in the infirmary. Eleven per centum of the respondents had no input sing EHR execution. Of the full pool of respondents, there were no HIM Directors or administrative forces who held the concluding decision-making power related to EHR execution in their infirmaries ( Figure 5 ) .A Among these study respondents, 54 per centum of their infirmaries have less than 100 beds, 31 per centum had 100-400 beds, and 13 per centum had more than 100 beds at their installation ( Figure 1 ) . Of the 46 study respondents, 61 per centum were from non profit/not for net income infirmaries while 24 per centum were for net income infirmaries ( Figure 2 ) . Of the respondents, 76 per centum were from rural infirmaries and 20 per centum were in urban countries ( Figure 3 ) . From a sum of 90 possible infirmary respondents, 46 ( 51 per centum ) responded and 44 ( 49 per centum ) did non react. Status of EHR Implementation When asked about the position of EHR execution in their infirmaries, merely 8 ( 17 per centum ) of the 46 study respondents reported that their infirmaries had implemented an EHR system. Twelve infirmaries ( 26 per centum ) of the infirmaries had non implemented an EHR system when the study was conducted, with the staying 26 infirmaries ( 57percent ) being in the execution procedure ( Figure 10 ) .A Of the 8 infirmaries with to the full implemented EHRs, 3 ( 38 per centum ) are in rural countries, 4 ( 50 per centum ) are in urban countries, and 1 did non react to location. All 12 ( 100 per centum ) of the installations without an EHR or any timeline regarding execution are in rural countries. Of the 26 staying installations with EHRs in advancement, 20 ( 77 per centum ) are in rural countries, 5 ( 19 per centum ) are in urban countries, and 1 is in a suburban country. Harmonizing to the informations collected, rural infirmaries are more likely non to hold a timeline for execution. Of those infirmaries who had implemented an EHR system, merely one had completed the procedure before the twelvemonth 2000, and another seven had implemented it between 2000 and 2006. The figure of EHRs implemented between 2000 and 2006 mirrors the statistics reported in a comparative survey completed among HIM professionals in the province of Alabama. Of the 46 respondents, 32 per centum of the infirmaries with enforced EHRs and in execution advancement, want both inmate and outpatient capablenesss for EHR support.A Of the infirmaries that had non implemented or were in the procedure of implementing an EHR system, 30 per centum indicated that they would implement EHRs within a twelvemonth. Another 14 per centum stated that they would implement EHRs in the following two old ages, and 17 per centum of respondents reported that they were non certain when EHR execution would take topographic point ( Figure 10 ) . Factors Driving the Need for EHR Systems When asked â€Å" What factors drive the demand for the EHR systems within your infirmaries? † 36 ( 86 per centum ) of the 46 respondents felt that the two major demands or concerns were to better the quality of health care and the demand to portion patient record information among healthcare professionals ( Figure 6 ) . Other factors were the demand to better clinical procedure or workflow efficiency ( 34 respondents or 74 per centum ) and regulative demands of JCAHO or HCQA ( 22 respondents or 48 per centum ) . When asked â€Å" what is the greatest factor that drives the demand for EHR systems? † the most of import drive factor was to better health care quality ( 33 per centum ) . Benefits of Implementing EHRs The respondents were asked, â€Å" What would be the benefit of implementing the EHR system? † 42 of the respondents ( 91 per centum ) indicated that bettering work flow would be the major benefit of implementing the system ( Figure 7 ) . Some other benefits were stated as cut downing medical mistakes ( 70 per centum ) , and cut downing cost ( 43 per centum ) , cut downing intervention clip ( 17 per centum ) , increasing gross ( 17 per centum ) , and minimising malpractice claims ( 13 per centum ) . The major benefit, as indicated by the respondents, is the betterment of work flow and efficiency. Barriers to Implementing EHRs The figure one perceived barrier for implementing an EHR system was deficiency of equal support and resources ( 39 per centum ) ( Figure 8 ) . 14 respondents in rural countries and 4 in urban countries cited fundss as a major barrier. Some other barriers were deficiency of support from medical staff ( 37percent ) , deficiency of cognition of EHRs ( 33 per centum ) , deficiency of employee preparation ( 28 per centum ) , and deficiency of structured engineering ( 20 per centum ) . Vendor issues and deficiency of corporate organisation and action were besides stated as barriers to EHR execution. The respondents identified the deficiency of equal support as the major barrier to EHR execution. Chapter 5- Conclusions and Recommendations As the deadline for electronic wellness record transition nears, there are still several Mississippi installations that have non begun or completed the execution procedure. Harmonizing to the informations gathered in this study, EHR execution is mostly uncomplete. Merely 17 per centum of the reacting sites have to the full implemented records. Another 57 per centum are in the procedure of implementing and 26 per centum have no clear timeline as to when execution will get down. There are restrictions sing this study. Without the staying 49 per centum of the studies completed and returned, there is no manner to measure the stage of execution at those installations. However, the figure of respondents that did take part indicates the demand for an immediate call to action in order to run into the 2014 end. Educating clinical and administrative staff and parties with vested involvement will help in undertaking the obstructions impeding EHR execution. Nationally, EHR acceptance rates among infirmaries vary widely. Jha ‘s survey reviewed 36 different studies conducted between 1995 and 2005 and recorded a scope between 4 per centum and 21 per centum for execution of computerized patient order entry among infirmaries ( Jha, 2006 ) . The slow advancement of execution can be mostly attributed to fiscal restraints. Lack of support in fiscal resources is the major factor that contributes to fewer Mississippi infirmaries, rural and urban, holding completed EHR execution. In add-on, deficiency of cognition sing EHRs and a deficiency of bargain in from clinical and administrative staff besides play a major portion in the slow execution procedure. While fundss are a hinderance, there are funding chances through federal statute law to back up EHR execution. The American Reinvestment and Recove ry Act ( ARRA ) of 2009 included the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act ( HITECH ) which seeks to better American wellness attention bringing and patient attention through an unprecedented investing in wellness information engineering. The ARRA developed an Electronic Health Record Incentive plan that authorizes the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ( CMS ) to do incentive payments to eligible infirmaries to advance the acceptance and meaningful usage of interoperable certified EHR engineering ( ( IHS Office of Information Technology, 2010 ) . These incentive programs offer funding to healthcare suppliers who implement an EHR that is certified through the Certification Commission for Healthcare Information Technology ( CCHIT ) . These inducements will countervail the fiscal load of the installations as the passage into an electronic wellness record. HIM professionals play a major function in EHR execution. There is a great demand for persons with cognition and instruction in IT and EHR application and engineering. The 10,000 Trained by 2010 act was introduced in the House of Representatives in 2009 would authorise the National Science Foundation to present grants to establishments of higher instruction to develop and offer instruction and preparation plans. This would include instruction in the field of wellness information sciences. The debut of this measure indicates the turning demand for trained HIM professionals and the built-in portion they will play in EHR transition and execution. In order to accomplish the end of countrywide execution by 2014, there must be a greater push and increased support for health care suppliers. Government statute law and execution inducements are major paces in a positive way but there are still barriers that hinder EHR execution. It is necessary for suppliers to place the hazards, benefits, and factors driving EHR execution in order to cognize where and how to get down the procedure. Increased community consciousness, a good trained work force, support, and support from the clinical and administrative staff are all imperative in the successful execution of electronic wellness record engineering.